Assessment of Spatial and temporal variability of surface water quality of Irrigation Canals. A case study of Trimmu Head Canals under Chenab River area
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Abstract
Pakistan agriculture and industrial sector is mostly dependent on water and having the largest irrigation system in the world. In order to maintain and secure the environment and ecosystem, engrossment must be paid to water quality and resources management. The purpose of this research was to evaluate surface water quality in perennial and non-perennial canal from head to tail with spatio-temporal changes. The data of 10 standard monitoring sites from main canals of Trimmu Head was collected and analyzed during 2015 to 2018. The result indicated that most of the water quality parameters were in safe range according to standards range of water quality parameter but all parameters except pH were affecting and decreasing quality year by year and were found and adverse effects were found at the tail of Multan Branch canal. Maximum parameters were found at increasing threat level in head to tail. Most of the industries, agricultural and sewerage system is discharged into perennial canals due to continuous flow. The adverse effects in non-perennial canal was observed significantly neglected than perennials canals. The quality of water was lower at the tail of canals due to addition of effluent discharge of towns and industries.
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